Implications of the Dirac CP phase upon parametric resonance for sub-GeV neutrinos

TL;DR

This paper investigates how the Dirac CP phase influences parametric resonance effects in sub-GeV neutrinos traveling through periodic density profiles, revealing conditions for enhanced oscillations and the impact of Earth's layered structure.

Contribution

It provides an analytic condition for parametric resonance in three-neutrino systems and explores how the CP phase affects oscillation probabilities in various density profiles.

Findings

Enhanced oscillation probabilities in castle wall density profiles.

The CP phase causes a phase shift in oscillation probabilities.

Maximum separation between CP phases occurs at specific energies and profiles.

Abstract

We perform an analytic and numerical study of parametric resonance in a three-neutrino framework for sub-GeV neutrinos which travel through a periodic density profile. Commensurate with the initial level of approximation, we develop a parametric resonance condition similar to the exact condition for two-neutrino systems. For a castle wall density profile, the \nu_e to \nu_\mu oscillation probability is enhanced significantly and bounded by cos^2 \theta_{23}. The CP phase \delta enters into the oscillation probability as a phase shift. For several cases, we examine the interplay between the characteristics of the castle wall profile and the CP phase and determine which profiles maximize the separation between oscillations with \delta = 0, \pi/2, \pi. We also consider neutrinos which travel along a chord through the earth, passing from the mantle to core and back to mantle again. Significant enhancement of the oscillation probability is seen even in the case in which the neutrino energy is far from the MSW resonant energies. At 500 GeV, the difference between oscillation probabilities with \delta=0 and \delta=\pi/2 is maximized.