The QUIET Instrument
QUIET Collaboration: C. Bischoff, A. Brizius, I. Buder, Y. Chinone, K., Cleary, R. N. Dumoulin, A. Kusaka, R. Monsalve, S. K. Naess, L. B. Newburgh,, G. Nixon, R. Reeves, K. M. Smith, K. Vanderlinde, I. K. Wehus, M. Bogdan, R., Bustos, S. E. Church, R. Davis, C. Dickinson

TL;DR
The QUIET instrument is a highly sensitive polarization measurement system for the Cosmic Microwave Background, utilizing large HEMT-based arrays to improve constraints on inflationary gravitational waves.
Contribution
It introduces the largest HEMT-based polarimeter arrays with unprecedented sensitivity and systematic error control for CMB polarization measurements.
Findings
Achieved the lowest instrumental systematic errors in the Q-band.
Provided sensitive measurements covering multipoles l=25-975.
Deployed the largest HEMT-based arrays for CMB polarization detection.
Abstract
The Q/U Imaging ExperimenT (QUIET) is designed to measure polarization in the Cosmic Microwave Background, targeting the imprint of inflationary gravitational waves at large angular scales (~ 1 degree). Between 2008 October and 2010 December, two independent receiver arrays were deployed sequentially on a 1.4 m side-fed Dragonian telescope. The polarimeters which form the focal planes use a highly compact design based on High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) that provides simultaneous measurements of the Stokes parameters Q, U, and I in a single module. The 17-element Q-band polarimeter array, with a central frequency of 43.1 GHz, has the best sensitivity (69 uK sqrt(s)) and the lowest instrumental systematic errors ever achieved in this band, contributing to the tensor-to-scalar ratio at r < 0.1. The 84-element W-band polarimeter array has a sensitivity of 87 uK sqrt(s) at a…
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