Black holes and holography

TL;DR

This paper discusses the concept of holography in gravity, contrasting black hole entropy with gauge/gravity duality, and introduces the fuzzball model as a resolution to the black hole information paradox.

Contribution

It highlights the differences between black hole and gauge/gravity holography and proposes an auxiliary spacetime framework to extend fuzzball dynamics.

Findings

Fuzzball construction resolves the black hole information paradox.

An auxiliary spacetime can model fuzzball dynamics beyond the horizon.

Holography in gauge/gravity duality does not directly relate to black hole entropy.

Abstract

The idea of holography in gravity arose from the fact that the entropy of black holes is given by their surface area. The holography encountered in gauge/gravity duality has no such relation however; the boundary surface can be placed at an arbitrary location in AdS space and its area does not give the entropy of the bulk. The essential issues are also different between the two cases: in black holes we get Hawking radiation from the `holographic surface' which leads to the information issue, while in gauge/gravity duality there is no such radiation from the boundary surface. To resolve the information paradox we need to show that there are real degrees of freedom at the horizon of the hole; this is achieved by the fuzzball construction. While the fuzzball has no interior to the horizon, we argue that an auxiliary spacetime can be constructed to continue the collective dynamics of fuzzball for times of order the crossing time; this is an analogue of `complementarity'.