Lumped element modeling of nonlinear properties of high temperature superconductors in a dielectric resonator

TL;DR

This paper develops lumped element circuit models to describe the nonlinear microwave properties of high temperature superconductors in dielectric resonators, enabling better simulation of their electromagnetic behavior at varying power levels.

Contribution

It introduces and assesses RLC circuit models that capture the nonlinear surface impedance of HTS materials in dielectric resonators, advancing modeling accuracy.

Findings

Surface resistance and inductance depend nonlinearly on RF power

The best model incorporates linear, quadratic, and exponential dependencies

Simulations match experimental electromagnetic responses

Abstract

Microwave properties of High Temperature Superconductors (HTS) exhibit dependence on RF power levels. Effects of nonlinear phenomena causing this dependence can be modelled using lumped element circuits. Several RLC circuits to model the surface impedance of HTS were investigated (with equations expressing transmitted power derived) and assessed. Linear, quadratic and exponential dependences of surface resistance RS and inductance LS on the RF power for the model chosen as the best have been examined and used in simulations of electromagnetic responses of superconducting films in a Hakki-Coleman dielectric resonator.