Generalized Jarzynski Equality

TL;DR

This paper generalizes the Jarzynski equality, establishing a relation between any two quantum states, extending its applicability beyond thermal equilibrium scenarios.

Contribution

It introduces a new theoretical framework that connects arbitrary quantum states, broadening the scope of the original Jarzynski equality.

Findings

Provides a generalized relation between quantum states

Extends the applicability of fluctuation theorems

Lays groundwork for quantum thermodynamics research

Abstract

The Jarzynski equality equates the mean of the exponential of the negative of the work (per fixed temperature) done by a changing Hamiltonian on a system, initially in thermal equilibrium at that temperature, to the ratio of the final to the initial equilibrium partition functions of the system at that fixed temperature. It thus relates two thermal equilibrium quantum states. Here a generalization is given that relates any two quantum states of a system.