Liquid noble gas detectors for low energy particle physics

TL;DR

This paper reviews liquid noble gas detectors used in low energy particle physics, focusing on their operation, recent technological advances, and instrumentation, especially for dark matter and neutrino experiments.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of current detector technologies, emphasizing recent innovations in photon detection and charge readout for low energy physics applications.

Findings

Advances in photon detection improve sensitivity.

Enhanced charge readout techniques increase resolution.

Operational principles are well-established for double-phase detectors.

Abstract

We review the current status of liquid noble gas radiation detectors with energy threshold in the keV range, wich are of interest for direct dark matter searches, measurement of coherent neutrino scattering and other low energy particle physics experiments. Emphasis is given to the operation principles and the most important instrumentation aspects of these detectors, principally of those operated in the double-phase mode. Recent technological advances and relevant developments in photon detection and charge readout are discussed in the context of their applicability to those experiments.