Seamless Infrastructure independent Multi Homed NEMO Handoff Using Effective and Timely IEEE 802.21 MIH triggers

TL;DR

This paper introduces a seamless, infrastructure-independent multi-homed NEMO handoff method leveraging IEEE 802.21 MIH triggers, reducing latency and packet loss for real-time applications through intelligent, Make-Before-Break procedures.

Contribution

It proposes a novel multi-homed NEMO handoff approach that combines MIH triggers with Make-Before-Break techniques, enhancing performance without dependency on infrastructure.

Findings

Reduced handoff latency and packet loss in simulations

Effective prediction of handoff timing improves QoS

Optimized multi-interface usage lowers power and cost

Abstract

Handoff performance of NEMO BS protocol with existent improvement proposals is still not sufficient for real time and QoS-sensitive applications and further optimizations are needed. When dealing with single homed NEMO, handoff latency and packet loss become irreducible all optimizations included, so that it is impossible to meet requirements of the above applications. Then, How to combine the different Fast handoff approaches remains an open research issue and needs more investigation. In this paper, we propose a new Infrastructure independent handoff approach combining multihoming and intelligent Make-Before-Break Handoff. Based on required Handoff time estimation, L2 and L3 handoffs are initiated using effective and timely MIH triggers, reducing so the anticipation time and increasing the probability of prediction. We extend MIH services to provide tunnel establishment and switching before link break. Thus, the handoff is performed in background with no latency and no packet loss while pingpong scenario is almost avoided. In addition, our proposal saves cost and power consumption by optimizing the time of simultaneous use of multiple interfaces. We provide also NS2 simulation experiments identifying suitable parameter values used for estimation and validating the proposed model