Faraday patterns in coupled one-dimensional dipolar condensates

TL;DR

This paper investigates Faraday wave patterns in coupled one-dimensional dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates, highlighting the impact of dimensionality and non-local interactions on pattern formation and symmetry breaking.

Contribution

It demonstrates how confinement dimensionality influences Faraday patterns and reveals non-local effects in coupled dipolar condensates, including a symmetry-breaking transition.

Findings

Faraday patterns differ significantly between 1D and 2D geometries.

Non-local interactions induce symmetric and anti-symmetric excitation modes.

A critical driving frequency causes a transition between correlated and anti-correlated patterns.

Abstract

We study Faraday patterns in quasi-one-dimensional dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates with parametrically driven dipolar interactions. We show that in the presence of a roton minimum in the excitation spectrum, the emergent Faraday waves differ substantially in two- and one-dimensional geometries, providing a clear example of the key role of confinement dimensionality in dipolar gases. Moreover, Faraday patterns constitute an excellent tool to study non-local effects in polar gases, as we illustrate for two parallel quasi-one-dimensional dipolar condensates. Non-local interactions between the condensates give rise to an excitation spectrum characterized by symmetric and anti-symmetric modes, even in the absence of hopping. We show that this feature, absent in non-dipolar gases, results in a critical driving frequency at which a marked transition occurs between correlated and anti-correlated Faraday patterns in the two condensates. Interestingly, at this critical frequency, the emergent Faraday pattern stems from a spontaneous symmetry breaking mechanism.