Soliton surfaces associated with sigma models; differential and algebraic aspect

TL;DR

This paper explores the differential and algebraic properties of surfaces related to sigma models, showing their solutions satisfy Euler-Lagrange equations and analyzing their spectra, symmetries, and algebraic constraints.

Contribution

It establishes that surfaces from sigma models satisfy Euler-Lagrange equations and systematically analyzes their algebraic spectra and symmetry properties.

Findings

Surfaces defined by the Weierstrass formula are solutions of sigma model equations.

The spectrum of immersion functions is characterized for different model dimensions.

Symmetry properties and transformations of the spectrum are discussed.

Abstract

In this paper, we consider both differential and algebraic properties of surfaces associated with sigma models. It is shown that surfaces defined by the generalized Weierstrass formula for immersion for solutions of the CP^{N-1} sigma model with finite action, defined in the Riemann sphere, are themselves solutions of the Euler-Lagrange equations for sigma models. On the other hand, we show that the Euler-Lagrange equations for surfaces immersed in the Lie algebra su(N), with conformal coordinates, that are extremals of the area functional subject to a fixed polynomial identity are exactly the Euler-Lagrange equations for sigma models. In addition to these differential constraints, the algebraic constraints, in the form of eigenvalues of the immersion functions, are treated systematically. The spectrum of the immersion functions, for different dimensions of the model, as well as its symmetry properties and its transformation under the action of the ladder operators are discussed. Another approach to the dynamics is given, i.e. description in terms of the unitary matrix which diagonalizes both the immersion functions and the projectors constituting the model.