Observed Cosmological Redshifts Support Contracting Accelerating Universe

TL;DR

This paper challenges the standard expanding universe model by suggesting that observed redshifts could be explained by a contracting universe, which alters cosmological parameters and age estimates, and may explain quasar-galaxy associations.

Contribution

It proposes that cosmological redshifts can occur in contracting universes, offering an alternative interpretation of observational data and revisiting classical cosmological models without dark energy.

Findings

Contracting universe models can fit SN Ia data.

A contracting universe implies a larger age, around 24 Gyr.

Supports alternative explanations for quasar-galaxy associations.

Abstract

The main argument that Universe is currently expanding is observed redshift increase by distance. However, this conclusion may not be correct, because cosmological redshift depends only on the scaling factors, the change in the size of the universe during the time of light propagation and is not related to the speed of observer or speed of the object emitting the light. An observer in expanding universe will measure the same redshift as observer in contracting universe with the same scaling. This was not taken into account in analysing the SN Ia data related to the universe acceleration. Possibility that universe may contract, but that the observed light is cosmologically redshifted allows for completely different set of cosmological parameters $\Omega_M, \Omega_{\Lambda}$, including the solution $\Omega_M=1, \Omega_{\Lambda}=0$. The contracting and in the same time accelerating universe explains observed deceleration and acceleration in SN Ia data, but also gives significantly larger value for the age of the universe, $t_0 = 24$ Gyr. This allows to reconsider classical cosmological models with $\Lambda =0$. The contracting stage also may explain the observed association of high redshifted quasars to low redshifted galaxies.