A Bianchi Type IV Viscous Fluid Model of The Early Universe

TL;DR

This paper develops a viscous fluid cosmological model based on Bianchi Type IV algebra, deriving key dynamical equations and showing that the universe isotropizes over time, originating from a past singularity.

Contribution

It introduces a new Bianchi Type IV viscous universe model with detailed derivation of Einstein's equations and demonstrates isotropization and singularity emergence.

Findings

The universe isotropizes when bulk viscosity dominates.

The model necessarily originates from a past singularity.

Derived generalized Friedmann and shear equations for viscous fluids.

Abstract

We are interested in formulating a viscous model of the universe based on The Bianchi Type IV algebra. We first begin by considering a congruence of fluid lines in spacetime, upon which, analyzing their propagation behaviour, we derive the famous Raychaudhuri equation, but, in the context of viscous fluids. We will then go through in great detail the topological and algebraic structure of a Bianchi Type IV algebra, by which we will derive the corresponding structure and constraint equations. From this, we will look at The Einstein field equations in the context of orthonormal frames, and derive the resulting dynamical equations: The \emph{Raychaudhuri Equation}, \emph{generalized Friedmann equation}, \emph{shear propagation equations}, and a set of non-trivial constraint equations. We show that for cases in which the bulk viscous pressure is significantly larger than the shear viscosity, this cosmological model isotropizes asymptotically to the present-day universe. We finally conclude by discussing The Penrose-Hawking singularity theorem, and show that the viscous universe under consideration necessarily emerged from a past singularity point.