Pressure of thermal excitations in superfluid helium

I.N. Adamenko; K.E. Nemchenko; I.V. Tanatarov; and A.F.G. Wyatt

arXiv:1206.3676·cond-mat.other·June 19, 2012

Pressure of thermal excitations in superfluid helium

I.N. Adamenko, K.E. Nemchenko, I.V. Tanatarov, and A.F.G. Wyatt

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TL;DR

This paper calculates the pressure exerted by thermal excitations in superfluid helium at an interface, analyzing contributions from phonons and rotons, and proposes an experiment to observe negative pressure effects.

Contribution

It derives the separate contributions of phonons and rotons to pressure and highlights the negative pressure from R^- rotons, providing new insights into superfluid helium behavior.

Findings

01

R^- rotons exert negative pressure, partially canceling positive contributions.

02

Total roton pressure is positive but significantly reduced by R^- rotons.

03

An experimental setup is proposed to observe negative R^- roton pressure.

Abstract

We find the pressure, due to the thermal excitations of superfluid helium, at the interface with a solid. The separate contributions of phonons, $R^{-}$ rotons and $R^{+}$ rotons are derived. The pressure due to $R^{-}$ rotons is shown to be negative and partially compensates the positive contribution of $R^{+}$ rotons, so the total roton pressure is positive but several times less than the separate $R^{-}$ and $R^{+}$ roton contributions. The pressure of the quasiparticle gas is shown to account for the fountain effect in $H e I I$ . An experiment is proposed to observe the negative pressure due to $R^{-}$ rotons.

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