Energy transport in weakly nonlinear wave systems with narrow frequency band excitation

TL;DR

This paper introduces a discrete nonlinear wave interaction model that predicts energy transport regimes, cascade formation, and spectra in weakly nonlinear systems with narrow band excitation, applicable across various physical wave systems.

Contribution

The novel D-model unifies mechanisms of energy transport without statistical assumptions, providing conditions for cascade dynamics and spectra in weakly nonlinear wave systems.

Findings

Predicts asymmetrical side-band growth in water waves.

Yields discrete and continuous energy spectra.

Accurately models Benjamin-Feir instability and Phillips' spectrum.

Abstract

A novel discrete model (D-model) is presented describing nonlinear wave interactions in systems with small and moderate nonlinearity under narrow frequency band excitation. It integrates in a single theoretical frame two mechanisms of energy transport between modes, namely intermittency and energy cascade and gives conditions when which regime will take place. Conditions for the formation of a cascade, cascade direction, conditions for cascade termination, etc. are given and depend strongly on the choice of excitation parameters. The energy spectra of a cascade may be computed yielding discrete and continuous energy spectra. The model does not need statistical assumptions as all effects are derived from the interaction of distinct modes. In the example given -- surface water waves with dispersion function $\o^2=g\,k$ and small nonlinearity -- D-model predicts asymmetrical growth of side-bands for Benjamin-Feir instability while transition from discrete to continuous energy spectrum excitation parameters properly chosen yields the saturated Phillips' power spectrum $\sim g^2\o^{-5}$. D-model can be applied to the experimental and theoretical study of numerous wave systems appearing in hydrodynamics, nonlinear optics, electrodynamics, plasma, convection theory, etc.