Phase structure for lattice fermions with flavored chemical potential terms

TL;DR

This paper investigates the phase diagram of lattice QCD with minimal-doubling fermions, revealing a nontrivial chiral phase transition structure and its implications for numerical simulations.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of the chiral phase structure in lattice QCD with flavored chemical potential terms using strong-coupling and Gross-Neveu models, highlighting new phase transition insights.

Findings

Identified a second-order chiral phase transition in the model.

Mapped the phase diagram indicating transition regions.

Suggested applicability to numerical lattice QCD simulations.

Abstract

We discuss the chiral phase diagram in the parameter space of lattice QCD with minimal-doubling fermions, which can be seen as lattice fermions with flavored chemical potential terms. We study strong-coupling lattice QCD with the Karsten-Wilczek formulation, which has one relevant parameter $\mu_{3}$ as well as gauge coupling and a mass parameter. We find a nontrivial chiral phase structure with a second-order phase transition between chiral symmetric and broken phases. To capture the whole structure of the phase diagram, we study the related lattice Gross-Neveu model. The result indicates that the chiral phase transition also exists in the weak-coupling region. From these results we speculate on the $\mu_{3}$-$g^{2}$ chiral phase diagram in lattice QCD with minimal-doubling fermions, and discuss their application to numerical simulations.