A Comprehensive Mechanism Reproducing the Mass and Mixing Parameters of Quarks and Leptons

TL;DR

This paper presents a unified model with a rotating rank-one mass matrix that, using only six parameters, successfully reproduces all quark and lepton mass ratios and mixing parameters, aligning well with experimental data.

Contribution

It introduces a novel mechanism where a rotating mass matrix explains all fermion masses and mixings with minimal parameters, providing predictions for unmeasured quantities.

Findings

Reproduces 16 mass and mixing parameters with 6 parameters

Matches well with experimental data for 10 measurable quantities

Predicts values for unmeasured parameters like neutrino masses and CP phases

Abstract

It is shown that if, from the starting point of a universal rank-one mass matrix long favoured by phenomenologists, one adds the assumption that it rotates (changes its orientation in generation space) with changing scale, one can reproduce, in terms of only 6 real parameters, all the 16 mass ratios and mixing parameters of quarks and leptons. Of these 16 quantities so reproduced, 10 for which data exist for direct comparison (i.e. the CKM elements including the CP-violating phase, the angles $\theta_{12}, \theta_{13}, \theta_{23}$ in $\nu$-oscillation, and the masses $m_c, m_\mu, m_e$) agree well with experiment, mostly to within experimental errors; 4 others ($m_s, m_u, m_d, m_{\nu_2}$), the experimental values for which can only be inferred, agree reasonably well; while 2 others ($m_{\nu_1}, \delta_{CP}$ for leptons), not yet measured experimentally, remain as predictions. In addition, one gets as bonuses, estimates for (i) the right-handed neutrino mass $m_{\nu_R}$ and (ii) the strong CP angle $\theta$ inherent in QCD. One notes in particular that the output value for $\sin^2 2 \theta_{13}$ from the fit agrees very well with recent experiments. By inputting the current experimental value with its error, one obtains further from the fit 2 new testable constraints: (i) that $\theta_{23}$ must depart from its "maximal" value: $\sin^2 2 \theta_{23} \sim 0.935 \pm 0.021$, (ii) that the CP-violating (Dirac) phase in the PMNS would be smaller than in the CKM matrix: of order only $|\sin \delta_{CP}| \leq 0.31$ if not vanishing altogether.