Can a Long Nanoflare Storm Explain the Observed Emission Measure Distributions in Active Region Cores?

TL;DR

This study models a long nanoflare storm in solar active regions to see if it can explain observed steady emission measures, finding it predicts too much 1 MK emission unless plasma abundances are adjusted.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed model of long nanoflare storms and compares predicted emission measures with observations, highlighting discrepancies and potential solutions.

Findings

Long nanoflare storms predict >5 times more 1 MK emission than observed.

Adjusting plasma abundances to 'super coronal' levels may reconcile models with observations.

Model suggests steady emission can be explained by impulsive heating with specific conditions.

Abstract

All theories that attempt to explain the heating of the high temperature plasma observed in the solar corona are based on short bursts of energy. The intensities and velocities measured in the cores of quiescent active regions, however, can be steady over many hours of observation. One heating scenario that has been proposed to reconcile such observations with impulsive heating models is the "long nanoflare storm," where short duration heating events occur infrequently on many sub-resolutions strands; the emission of the strands is then averaged together to explain the observed steady structures. In this Letter, we examine the emission measure distribution predicted for such a long nanoflare storm by modeling an arcade of strands in an active region core. Comparisons of the computed emission measure distributions with recent observations indicate that that the long nanoflare storm scenario implies greater than 5 times more 1 MK emission than is actually observed for all plausible combinations of loop lengths, heating rates, and abundances. We conjecture that if the plasma had "super coronal" abundances, the model may be able to match the observations at low temperatures.