High energy gamma-ray emission from compact galactic sources in the context of observations with the next generation Cherenkov Telescope Arrays

TL;DR

This paper reviews recent gamma-ray observations of galactic compact sources, discusses their implications, and highlights how next-generation Cherenkov Telescopes like CTA will advance understanding of high-energy astrophysical phenomena.

Contribution

It summarizes current observational results, discusses theoretical implications, and identifies key features to investigate with the upcoming CTA to understand energetic particle origins.

Findings

Over a thousand sources detected at GeV energies.

More than a hundred sources detected at TeV energies.

Identification of key observational features for future study with CTA.

Abstract

The observational progress in the $\gamma$-ray astronomy in the last few years has led to the discovery of more than a thousand sources at GeV energies and more than a hundred sources at TeV energies. A few different classes of compact objects in the Galaxy have been established. They show many unexpected features at high energies the physics of which remains mainly unknown. At present it is clear that detailed investigation of these new phenomena can be performed only with the technical equipment which offer an order of magnitude better sensitivity, and a few times better energy, angular and time resolution in the broad energy range staring from a few tens of GeV up to a few hundreds TeV. Such facilities can be realized by the next generation of instruments such as the planned Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). The aim of this report is to summarize up to date observational results on the compact galactic sources in the GeV-TeV $\gamma$-ray energy range, discuss their theoretical implications, and indicate which hypothesis considered at present might be verified with the next generation of telescopes. We point out which of the observational features of the $\gamma$-ray sources are important to investigate with special care with the planned CTA in order to put a new light on physical processes involved. Their knowledge should finally allow us to answer the question on the origin of energetic particles in our Galaxy.