Fluctuations in Hadronizing QGP

TL;DR

This paper models the fluctuations during the hadronization of quark-gluon plasma, highlighting how critical fluctuations and a first order transition influence observable energy density fluctuations, relevant for beam energy scan experiments.

Contribution

It introduces a simple model incorporating critical fluctuations and a first order transition to study energy density fluctuations in QGP hadronization.

Findings

Skewness and kurtosis of energy fluctuations show characteristic behaviors.

Fluctuation patterns can be probed via beam energy scan programs.

Model links phase transition features to measurable fluctuation signals.

Abstract

The dynamical development of the cooling and hadronizing quark-gluon Plasma (QGP) is studied in a simple model assuming critical fluctuations in the QGP to Hadronic Matter (HM) and a first order transition in a small finite system. We consider an earlier determined free-energy density curve in the neighbourhood of the critical point, with two local minima corresponding to the equilibrium hadronic and QGP configurations. In this approach the divergence at e = 0 eliminates fluctuations with negative or zero energy. The barrier between the equilibrium states is obtained from an estimated value of the surface tension between the two phases. We obtain a characteristic behavior for the skewness and the kurtosis of energy density fluctuations, which can be studied via a beam energy scan program.