Collapse-revival dynamics and atom-field entanglement in the non-resonant Dicke model

TL;DR

This paper explores the collapse and revival of Rabi oscillations and atom-field entanglement in the non-resonant Dicke model, revealing how detuning influences the generation of cat states and the limitations of semi-classical approaches.

Contribution

It provides a perturbative analysis of the non-resonant Dicke model, identifying two time scales and explaining the generation of atomic or field cat states based on detuning.

Findings

Periodic collapse and revival of Rabi oscillations observed.

Atom-field entanglement builds up and decays during dynamics.

Detuning sign determines whether atomic or field cat states are generated.

Abstract

We consider the dynamics of atomic and field coherent states in the non-resonant Dicke model. At weak coupling an initial product state evolves into a superposition of multiple field coherent states that are correlated with the atomic configuration. This process is accompanied by the buildup and decay of atom-field entanglement and leads to the periodic collapse and revival of Rabi oscillations. We provide a perturbative derivation of the underlying dynamical mechanism that complements the rotating wave approximation at resonance. The identification of two different time scales explains how the dynamical signatures depend on the sign of detuning between the atomic and field frequency, and predicts the generation of either atomic or field cat states in the two opposite cases. We finally discuss the restrictions that the buildup of atom-field entanglement during the collapse of Rabi oscillations imposes on the validity of semi-classical approximations that neglect entanglement.