Planck-scale effects on Bose-Einstein condensates

TL;DR

This paper investigates how Planck-scale modifications to fundamental physics could influence Bose-Einstein condensates, potentially causing measurable shifts in their critical temperature and offering a new way to probe quantum gravity effects.

Contribution

It introduces a model for Planck-scale effects on BECs and analyzes their impact on the condensation temperature, suggesting experimental tests for quantum gravity phenomenology.

Findings

Planck-scale deformation causes a measurable shift in $T_c$ for BECs.

The shift in $T_c$ can be as large as current experimental precision.

Low-energy BECs are more sensitive to Planck-scale effects than ultrarelativistic systems.

Abstract

The effects of a Planck-scale deformation of the Minkowski energy-momentum dispersion relation on the phenomenology of non-trapped Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) are examined. Such a deformation is shown to cause a shift in the condensation temperature $T_{c}$ of the BEC and, for a specific functional form of deformation, this shift can be as large as the current measured precision on $T_{c}$. For a $_{37}^{85}Rb$ cold-atom BEC with a particle density $n\simeq 10^{12}cm^{-3}$ we find a fractional shift of order $10^{-4}$, but this can be much larger for even more dilute BECs. We discuss the possibility of planning specific experiments with BECs that might provide phenomenological constraints on Planck-scale physics. These corrections to $T_{c}$ are found to be extremely small for ultrarelativistic BECs implying that, in some cases, Planck-scale effects may be more important in low- rather than high-energy processes.