Matter and Antimatter in the Universe

TL;DR

This paper reviews evidence and theories about the matter-antimatter imbalance in the universe, discussing observational constraints, baryogenesis models, and implications for dark matter and neutrino physics.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive review of observational data, theoretical models, and a specific minimal model linking baryogenesis, neutrino oscillations, and dark matter.

Findings

Evidence for matter-antimatter asymmetry in the early universe

Constraints on antimatter presence in the current universe

A minimal model explaining baryon asymmetry, neutrino oscillations, and dark matter

Abstract

We review observational evidence for a matter-antimatter asymmetry in the early universe, which leads to the remnant matter density we observe today. We also discuss observational bounds on the presence of antimatter in the present day universe, including the possibility of a large lepton asymmetry in the cosmic neutrino background. We briefly review the theoretical framework within which baryogenesis, the dynamical generation of a matter-antimatter asymmetry, can occur. As an example, we discuss a testable minimal model that simultaneously explains the baryon asymmetry of the universe, neutrino oscillations and dark matter.