Ultra-compact On-Chip Plasmonic Light Concentrator

TL;DR

This paper introduces a compact hybrid photonic-plasmonic device called a plasmomic light concentrator (PLC) that efficiently concentrates optical fields into a nanoscale apex, enabling high field enhancement in an ultra-compact footprint.

Contribution

The paper proposes a novel integrated plasmonic device design that combines mode beat, nanofocusing, and resonance effects for efficient light concentration at sub-micron scales.

Findings

Achieved a field concentration factor of about 13 with a device length less than 1μm.

Demonstrated a FCF of 5-10 over 700-1100nm wavelength range.

Designed a super-compact device maintaining high efficiency across a broad spectrum.

Abstract

We present a novel approach for achieving tightly concentrated optical field by a hybrid photonic-plasmonic device in an integrated platform, which is a triangle-shaped metal taper mounted on top of a dielectric waveguide. This device, which we call a plasmomic light concentrator (PLC), can achieve side-coupling of light energy from the dielectric waveguide to the plasmonic region and light focusing into the apex of the metal taper(at the scale ~10nm) at the same time. For demonstration, we numerically investigate a PLC, which is a metal (Au) taper on a dielectric (Si3N4) waveguide at working wavelengths around 800nm. We show that three major effects (mode beat, nanofocusing, and weak resonance) interplay to generate this light concentration phenomenon and govern the performance of the device. By coordinating these effects, the PLC can be designed to be super compact while maintaining high efficiency over a wide band. In particular, we demonstrate that under optimized size parameters and wavelength a field concentration factor (FCF), which is the ratio of the norm of the electric field at the apex over the average norm of the electric field in the inputting waveguide, of about 13 can be achieved with the length of the device less than 1um for a moderate tip radius 20nm. Moreover, we show that a FCF of 5-10 is achievable over a wavelength range 700-1100nm when the length of the device is further reduced to about 400nm.