ASAS photometry of ROSAT sources I. Periodic variable stars coincident with bright sources from ROSAT all sky survey

TL;DR

This study uses ASAS photometry to identify and classify bright, variable stars near ROSAT X-ray sources, discovering over 2300 variables, many of which are newly identified, with detailed analysis of their periodicity and variability types.

Contribution

It presents a comprehensive catalog of variable stars near ROSAT sources, including many new variables and detailed classifications, based on extensive photometric analysis.

Findings

Over 2300 variable stars identified near ROSAT sources

More than 1200 of these variables are newly discovered

Largest known amplitude of spot-induced variability observed (up to 0.8 mag)

Abstract

Photometric data from the ASAS - South (declination less than 29 deg) survey have been used for identification of bright stars located near the sources from the ROSAT All Sky Survey Bright Source Catalog (RBSC). In total 6028 stars brighter than 12.5 mag in I- or V -bands have been selected and analyzed for periodicity. Altogether 2302 variable stars have been found with periods ranging from 0.137 d to 193 d. Most of these stars have X-ray emission of coronal origin with a few cataclysmic binaries and early type stars with colliding winds. Whenever it was possible we collected data available in the literature to verify periods and to classify variable objects. The catalog includes 1936 stars (1233 new) considered to be variable due to presence of spots (rotationally variable), 127 detached eclipsing binary stars (33 new), 124 contact binaries (11 new), 96 eclipsing stars with deformed components (19 new), 13 ellipsoidal variables (4 new), 5 miscellaneous variables and one pulsating RR Lyr type star (blended with an eclipsing binary). More than 70% of new variable stars have amplitudes smaller than 0.1 mag, but for ASAS 063656-0521.0 we have found the largest known amplitude of brightness variations due to the presence of spots (up to Delta V=0.8 mag). The table with the compiled data and figures with light curves can be downloaded from the Acta Astronomica Archive.