Effects of Symmetry Energy in the Reaction 40Ca+124Sn at 140 MeV/nucleon

TL;DR

This study uses the BUU transport model to analyze how the symmetry energy affects neutron-to-proton ratios in 40Ca+124Sn collisions at 140 MeV/nucleon, highlighting the importance of rapidity distributions.

Contribution

It demonstrates the sensitivity of neutron-to-proton ratios to symmetry energy at different rapidities, providing a method to probe the density dependence of nuclear symmetry energy.

Findings

Neutron-to-proton ratios are sensitive to symmetry energy at large rapidities.

Rapidity distributions reflect high or low density symmetry energy behavior.

Simultaneous analysis of kinetic and rapidity distributions improves probing of symmetry energy.

Abstract

The density-dependent symmetry energy is a hot topic in nuclear physics. Many laboratories over the world are planning to perform related experiments to probe the symmetry energy. Based on the semiclassical Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (BUU) transport model, we study the effects of nuclear symmetry energy in the central reaction 40Ca+124Sn at 140MeV/nucleon in the laboratory system. It is found that the rapidity distribution of free nucleon's neutron-to-proton ratio is sensitive to the symmetry energy, especially at large rapidities. The free neutron-to-proton ratios at small or large rapidities may reflect high or low density behavior of nuclear symmetry energy. To probe the density dependence of nuclear symmetry energy, it is better to give the kinetic distribution and the rapidity distribution of emitted nucleons at the same time.