Self-maintaining defect/droplets from two interacting Bose-Einstein condensates

TL;DR

This paper explores stable defect and droplet solutions in two interacting Bose-Einstein condensates with various interaction potentials, including cases where droplets are self-sustaining without external trapping, suggesting potential quantum computing applications.

Contribution

It introduces new stable defect and droplet solutions in two-component BECs with complex interaction potentials, including self-maintaining droplets without external traps.

Findings

Existence of regular spherically symmetric solutions for different interaction potentials.

Support of solutions by external trapping potential in some cases, and self-maintenance in others.

Potential application of droplets as elementary logic qubits.

Abstract

We consider two interacting Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC's) with different kind of the potential energy of interaction of the condensates: (a) the standard potential; (b) the potential has a positive three-body and a negative two-body scattering terms and (c) the potential has a positive four-body and a negative three-body scattering terms for the first BEC and a positive three-body and a negative two-body scattering terms for the second BEC. It is shown that in these cases there exist regular spherically symmetric solutions. Physically such solution is either a defect or a droplet created by the condensates. The defect is a cavity filled with one BEC on the background of another BEC. The droplet is an object on the background of the empty space. For (a) and (b) cases the obtained objects are supported by a constant external trapping potential and for (c) case the droplet is a self-maintaining object without any external potential. The possibility of construction of an elementary logic qubit device on the basis of this droplet is discussed.