Wireless Information Transfer with Opportunistic Energy Harvesting

TL;DR

This paper investigates optimal mode switching and resource allocation strategies for a wireless link that opportunistically harvests energy from ambient interference and signals, balancing information transfer and energy harvesting.

Contribution

It introduces the optimal mode switching rule and joint optimization framework for power control and scheduling in wireless systems with energy harvesting capabilities.

Findings

Derived the minimum outage probability for delay-limited transfer

Established maximum ergodic capacity for no-delay transfer

Characterized the boundary of outage-energy and rate-energy regions

Abstract

Energy harvesting is a promising solution to prolong the operation of energy-constrained wireless networks. In particular, scavenging energy from ambient radio signals, namely wireless energy harvesting (WEH), has recently drawn significant attention. In this paper, we consider a point-to-point wireless link over the narrowband flat-fading channel subject to time-varying co-channel interference. It is assumed that the receiver has no fixed power supplies and thus needs to replenish energy opportunistically via WEH from the unintended interference and/or the intended signal sent by the transmitter. We further assume a single-antenna receiver that can only decode information or harvest energy at any time due to the practical circuit limitation. Therefore, it is important to investigate when the receiver should switch between the two modes of information decoding (ID) and energy harvesting (EH), based on the instantaneous channel and interference condition. In this paper, we derive the optimal mode switching rule at the receiver to achieve various trade-offs between wireless information transfer and energy harvesting. Specifically, we determine the minimum transmission outage probability for delay-limited information transfer and the maximum ergodic capacity for no-delay-limited information transfer versus the maximum average energy harvested at the receiver, which are characterized by the boundary of so-called "outage-energy" region and "rate-energy" region, respectively. Moreover, for the case when the channel state information (CSI) is known at the transmitter, we investigate the joint optimization of transmit power control, information and energy transfer scheduling, and the receiver's mode switching. Our results provide useful guidelines for the efficient design of emerging wireless communication systems powered by opportunistic WEH.