The nature of the \beta-peak in the loss modulus of amorphous solids

TL;DR

This paper uses numerical simulations to conclusively identify a cooperative mechanism behind the eta-peak in the loss modulus of amorphous solids, distinguishing it from the main a relaxation process.

Contribution

The study provides the first definitive evidence of a cooperative origin for the eta-peak, clarifying long-standing debates about its physical mechanism.

Findings

The eta-peak arises from a distinct cooperative relaxation process.

The eta-peak mechanism is different from the a relaxation.

Numerical simulations reveal a clear, unique origin for the eta-peak.

Abstract

Glass formers exhibit, upon an oscillatory excitation, a response function whose imaginary and real parts are known as the loss and storage moduli respectively. The loss modulus typically peaks at a frequency known as the \alpha frequency which is associated with the main relaxation mechanism of the super-cooled liquid. In addition, the loss modulus is decorated by a smaller peak, shoulder or wing which is referred to as the \beta-peak. The physical origin of this secondary peak had been debated for decades, with proposed mechanisms ranging from highly localized relaxations to entirely cooperative ones. Using numerical simulations we bring an end to the debate, exposing a clear and unique cooperative mechanism for the said \beta-peak which is distinct from that of the $\alpha$-peak.