Black Hole's 1/N Hair

TL;DR

This paper proposes that quantum effects give black holes a form of 'hair' related to global charges, challenging the classical no-hair theorem and suggesting observable astrophysical implications.

Contribution

It introduces a quantum model where black hole hair arises as an inverse mass-square effect linked to global charges, contrasting with classical predictions.

Findings

Quantum hair appears as B/N, with B being the global charge.

Black holes can have large detectable baryonic and leptonic numbers.

Quantum description aligns with continuous global symmetries.

Abstract

According to the standard view classically black holes carry no hair, whereas quantum hair is at best exponentially weak. We show that suppression of hair is an artifact of the semi-classical treatment and that in the quantum picture hair appears as an inverse mass-square effect. Such hair is predicted in the microscopic quantum description in which a black hole represents a self-sustained leaky Bose-condensate of N soft gravitons. In this picture the Hawking radiation is the quantum depletion of the condensate. Within this picture we show that quantum black hole physics is fully compatible with continuous global symmetries and that global hair appears with the strength B/N, where B is the global charge swallowed by the black hole. For large charge this hair has dramatic effect on black hole dynamics. Our findings can have interesting astrophysical consequences, such as existence of black holes with large detectable baryonic and leptonic numbers.