Dimer, trimer and FFLO liquids in mass- and spin-imbalanced trapped binary mixtures in one dimension

TL;DR

This paper investigates the behavior of attractive binary mixtures with spin and mass imbalance in one-dimensional traps, analyzing phases like FFLO, dimers, and trimers through numerical simulations relevant to cold atom experiments.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive analysis of phase stability and experimental signatures of exotic quantum fluids in imbalanced one-dimensional mixtures using advanced numerical methods.

Findings

Stability regions for FFLO, dimer, and trimer phases identified.

Density profiles and momentum distributions characterized.

Experimental signatures proposed for finite polarization and temperature.

Abstract

We present a systematic investigation of attractive binary mixtures in presence of both spin- and mass-imbalance in one dimensional setups described by the Hubbard model. After discussing typical cold atomic experimental realizations and the relation between microscopic and effective parameters, we study several many-body features of trapped Fermi-Fermi and Bose-Bose mixtures such as density profiles, momentum distributions and correlation functions by means of numerical density-matrix-renormalization-group and Quantum Monte Carlo simulations. In particular, we focus on the stability of Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov, dimer and trimer fluids in inhomogeneous situations, as typically realized in cold gas experiments due to the harmonic confinement. We finally consider possible experimental signatures of these phases both in the presence of a finite polarization and of a finite temperature.