Micrometre-scale refrigerators
Juha T. Muhonen, Matthias Meschke, Jukka P. Pekola

TL;DR
This paper reviews the principles, experimental conditions, and recent advancements in micrometre-scale superconducting coolers that operate at sub-kelvin temperatures, highlighting their potential for on-chip cooling applications.
Contribution
It provides a comprehensive overview of the experimental progress and practical challenges in developing micrometre-scale superconducting coolers over the past five years.
Findings
Identification of key experimental conditions for cooler performance
Analysis of main practical limitations affecting efficiency
Summary of recent experimental advancements in the field
Abstract
A superconductor with a gap in the density of states or a quantum dot with discrete energy levels is a central building block in realizing an electronic on-chip cooler. They can work as energy filters, allowing only hot quasiparticles to tunnel out from the electrode to be cooled. This principle has been employed experimentally since the early 1990s in investigations and demonstrations of micrometre-scale coolers at sub-kelvin temperatures. In this paper, we review the basic experimental conditions in realizing the coolers and the main practical issues that are known to limit their performance. We give an update of experiments performed on cryogenic micrometre-scale coolers in the past five years.
Peer Reviews
No public reviews on file for this paper yet. If you reviewed it on a platform where reviews are public (OpenReview, ICLR, NeurIPS, ICML), you can paste yours below so the community can read it here.
Videos
No videos yet. Explain this paper in a talk, walkthrough, or lecture? Add one.
