Two kinds of Phase transitions in a Voting model

TL;DR

This paper analyzes a voting model with two candidate types and two voter behaviors, revealing two distinct phase transitions—information cascade and diffusion transition—and compares these findings with experimental human behavior data.

Contribution

It introduces a voting model with herders and independents, identifying two coexisting phase transitions and analyzing their occurrence through experimental data.

Findings

Identified an information cascade phase transition similar to the Ising model

Discovered a super and normal diffusion transition coexistence

Validated phase transitions using human behavioral experiments

Abstract

In this paper, we discuss a voting model with two candidates, C_0 and C_1. We consider two types of voters--herders and independents. The voting of independents is based on their fundamental values; on the other hand, the voting of herders is based on the number of previous votes. We can identify two kinds of phase transitions. One is an information cascade transition similar to a phase transition seen in Ising model. The other is a transition of super and normal diffusions. These phase transitions coexist. We compared our results to the conclusions of experiments and identified the phase transitions in the upper limit of the time t by using analysis of human behavior obtained from experiments.