Numerical simulation of high-speed penetration-perforation dynamics in layered armor shields

TL;DR

This paper introduces new models and a computational tool for simulating high-speed projectile penetration in layered armor, aiding in optimizing shield design and understanding fracture dynamics.

Contribution

It presents novel penetration models, including a residual velocity formula and a plastic-flow jet model, integrated into a simulation tool for layered armor shields.

Findings

Strength proof of pliable backing is more effective than rigid backing.

Simulation results align well with experimental data.

The models enable optimization of armor configurations.

Abstract

Penetration models and calculating algorithms are presented, describing the dynamics and fracture of composite armor shields penetrated by high-speed small arms. A shield considered consists of hard (metal or ceramic) facing and multilayered fabric backing. A simple formula is proved for the projectile residual velocity after perforation of a thin facing. A new plastic-flow jet model is proposed for calculating penetration dynamics in the case of a thick facing of ceramic or metal-ceramic FGM materials. By bringing together the developed models into a calculating algorithm, a computer tool is designed enabling simulations of penetration processes in the above-mentioned shields and analysis of optimization problems. Some results of computer simulation are presented. It is revealed in particular that strength proof of pliable backing can be better as compared with more rigid backing. Comparison of calculations and test data shows sufficient applicability of the models and the tool.