Model of the bremsstrahlung emission accompanying interactions between protons and nuclei from low up to intermediate energies: role of magnetic emission

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new model for bremsstrahlung emission during proton-nucleus interactions, incorporating magnetic emission effects, and demonstrates its effectiveness in describing experimental data across various nuclei and energies.

Contribution

The model uniquely includes magnetic emission based on the Pauli equation, providing a more comprehensive understanding of bremsstrahlung during proton decay and collisions.

Findings

Magnetic emission significantly affects the bremsstrahlung spectrum.

Magnetic emission is most intense at certain angles and regions.

The model accurately describes experimental data for multiple nuclei.

Abstract

A new model of the bremsstrahlung emission which accompanies proton decay and collisions of protons off nuclei in the energy region from the lowest up to intermediate, has been developed. This model includes spin formalism, potential approach for description of interaction between protons and nuclei, and operator of emission includes component of the magnetic emission (defined on the basis of Pauli equation). In the problem of the bremsstrahlung during the proton decay in the first time a role of the magnetic emission is studied using such a model. For the studied $^{146}{\rm Tm}$ nucleus it has been studied the following: (1) How much does the magnetic emission change the full bremsstrahlung spectrum? (2) At which angle is the magnetic emission the most intensive relatively electric one? (3) Is there some space region where the magnetic emission increases strongly relatively electric one? (4) How intensive is the magnetic emission in the tunneling region? (5) Which values has the probability at its maximum and at zero energy limit of the emitted photons? It is demonstrated that the model is able to describe enough well experimental data of the bremsstrahlung emission which accompanies collisions of protons off the $^{9}{\rm Be}$, $^{12}{\rm C}$ and $^{208}{\rm Pb}$ nuclei at the incident energy $T_{\rm lab}=140$ MeV (at the photon energy up to 120 MeV).