Coherent multi-flavour spin dynamics in a fermionic quantum gas

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the creation and control of a fermionic spinor gas with tunable spin in an optical lattice, revealing long-lived spin oscillations and a transition from two-body to many-body dynamics, advancing quantum magnetism studies.

Contribution

It introduces a well-controlled fermionic spinor gas with variable spin, enabling exploration of complex magnetic phenomena beyond traditional spin 1/2 systems.

Findings

Observation of long-lived intrinsic spin oscillations

Transition from two-body to many-body spin dynamics

Spin-interaction driven melting of a band insulator

Abstract

Microscopic spin interaction processes are fundamental for global static and dynamical magnetic properties of many-body systems. Quantum gases as pure and well isolated systems offer intriguing possibilities to study basic magnetic processes including non-equilibrium dynamics. Here, we report on the realization of a well-controlled fermionic spinor gas in an optical lattice with tunable effective spin ranging from 1/2 to 9/2. We observe long-lived intrinsic spin oscillations and investigate the transition from two-body to many-body dynamics. The latter results in a spin-interaction driven melting of a band insulator. Via an external magnetic field we control the system's dimensionality and tune the spin oscillations in and out of resonance. Our results open new routes to study quantum magnetism of fermionic particles beyond conventional spin 1/2 systems.