Pulsation spectrum of Delta Sct stars: the binary HD 50870 as seen with CoRoT and HARPS

TL;DR

This study analyzes the pulsation spectrum of the Delta Sct star HD 50870 using CoRoT and HARPS data, revealing complex oscillation patterns, a binary nature, and challenges in seismic modeling.

Contribution

First detailed combined photometric and spectroscopic analysis of HD 50870's pulsation spectrum and binary characteristics, highlighting the detection of numerous modes and a low-frequency plateau.

Findings

HD 50870 is a nearly pole-on spectroscopic binary with a Delta Sct primary.

Detected about 250 pulsation frequencies, including a low-frequency plateau.

Identified a dominant axisymmetric mode at 17.16 c/d.

Abstract

We present the results obtained with the CoRoT satellite for HD 50870, a Delta Sct star which was observed for 114.4 d. The 307,570 CoRoT datapoints were analysed with different techniques. The photometric observations were complemented over 15 nights of high-resolution spectroscopy with HARPS on a baseline of 25 d. Some uvby photometric observations were also obtained to better characterize the pulsation modes. HD 50870 proved to be a low-amplitude, long-period spectroscopic binary system seen almost pole-on (i~21 deg. The brighter component, which also has the higher rotational velocity (v sin i=37.5 km/s), is a delta Sct-type variable. There is a dominant axisymmetric mode (17.16 c/d). After the detection of about 250 terms (corresponding to an amplitude of about 0.045 mmag) a flat plateau appears in the power spectrum in the low-frequency region up to about 35 c/d. We were able to detect this plateau only thanks to the short cadence sampling of the CoRoT measurements (32 s). The density distribution vs. frequency of the detected frequencies seems rule out the possibility that this plateau is the result of a process with a continuum power spectrum. The spacings of the strongest modes suggest a quasi-periodic pattern. We failed to find a satisfactory seismic model that simultaneously matches the frequency range, the position in the HR diagram, and the quasi-periodic pattern interpreted as a large separation. Nineteen modes were detected spectroscopically from the line profile variations and associated to the photometric ones. Tentative l,m values have been attributed to the modes detected spectroscopically. Prograde as well as retrograde modes are present with l degree values up to 9. There are no traces of variability induced by solar-like oscillations.