Possibility of cyclic Turnarounds In Brane-world Scenario: Phantom Energy Accretion onto Black Holes and its consequences

TL;DR

This paper explores cyclic universe models within brane-world scenarios, examining conditions for turnaround events, black hole behavior, and the implications of phantom energy accretion, proposing modifications for DGP models and analyzing black hole remnants.

Contribution

It introduces a modified cyclic model for DGP branes and analyzes black hole remnants at turnarounds, challenging previous assumptions about black hole destruction.

Findings

RSII brane models can undergo oscillations with negative brane tension or bulk cosmological constant.

Black holes retain remanent masses at turnarounds, contrary to previous beliefs of destruction.

Hawking evaporation mitigates black hole mass issues, supporting cyclic universe viability.

Abstract

A universe described by braneworlds is studied in a cyclic scenario. As expected such an oscillating universe will undergo turnarounds, whenever the phantom energy density reaches a critical value from either side. It is found that a universe described by RSII brane model will readily undergo oscillations if, either the brane tension, \lambda, or the bulk cosmological constant, \Lambda_{4}, is negative. The DGP brane model does not readily undergo cyclic turnarounds. Hence for this model a modified equation is proposed to incorporate the cyclic nature. It is found that there is always a remanent mass of a black hole at the verge of a turnaround. Hence contrary to known results in literature, it is found that the destruction of black holes at the turnaround is completely out of question. Finally to alleviate, if not solve, the problem posed by the black holes, it is argued that the remanent masses of the black holes do not act as a serious defect of the model because of Hawking evaporation.