Aftershocks in Modern Perspectives: Complex Earthquake Network, Aging, and Non-Markovianity

TL;DR

This paper explores aftershocks through complex network analysis, aging phenomena, and non-Markovian effects, revealing long-range memory and unique clustering behaviors in seismic activity.

Contribution

It introduces a complex network perspective, demonstrates aging in aftershocks, and provides evidence for non-Markovian long-range memory effects in seismic processes.

Findings

Clustering coefficient shows peculiar behavior after main shocks

Aftershocks exhibit aging with scaling properties

Long-range memory violates Markovian process scaling relations

Abstract

The phenomenon of aftershocks is studied in view of science of complexity. In particular, three different concepts are examined: (i) the complex-network representation of seismicity, (ii) the event-event correlations, and (iii) the effects of long-range memory. Regarding (i), it is shown the clustering coefficient of the complex earthquake network exhibits a peculiar behavior at and after main shocks. Regarding (ii), it is found that aftershocks experience aging, and the associated scaling holds. And regarding (iii), the scaling relation to be satisfied by a class of singular Markovian processes is violated, implying the existence of the long-range memory in processes of aftershocks.