The SL2S Galaxy-scale Gravitational Lens Sample. I. The alignment of mass and light in massive early-type galaxies at z=0.2-0.9

TL;DR

This study analyzes the alignment between mass and light in 16 massive early-type galaxies acting as strong gravitational lenses at redshifts 0.2-0.9, revealing environmental influences and providing insights into galaxy structure.

Contribution

It presents gravitational lens models for a sample of galaxies, quantifies external shear effects, and compares mass and light distributions at intermediate redshifts.

Findings

External shear with mean value 0.12 ± 0.05 detected

Mass and light are substantially aligned in most galaxies

Environmental effects influence galaxy mass-light alignment

Abstract

We study the relative alignment of mass and light in a sample of 16 massive early-type galaxies at z=0.2-0.9 that act as strong gravitational lenses. The sample was identified from deep multi-band images obtained as part of the Canada France Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey as part of the Strong Lensing Legacy Survey (SL2S). Higher resolution follow-up imaging is available for a subset of 10 systems. We construct gravitational lens models and infer total enclosed mass, elongation, and position angle of the mass distribution. By comparison with the observed distribution of light we infer that there is a substantial amount of external shear with mean value $<\gamma_{\rm ext}>= 0.12 \pm 0.05$, arising most likely from the environment of the SL2S lenses. In a companion paper, we combine these measurements with follow-up Keck spectroscopy to study the evolution of the stellar and dark matter content of early-type galaxies as a function of cosmic time.