Chandra pulsar survey (ChaPS)
Oleg Kargaltsev, Martin Durant, George G. Pavlov, and Gordon Garmire

TL;DR
This study used Chandra X-ray observations to analyze pulsar emissions, revealing a large spread in X-ray efficiencies, a potential efficiency break at certain spin-down powers, and differences between X-ray and gamma-ray luminosity behaviors.
Contribution
It provides new X-ray flux limits for pulsars, investigates the L_psr_x and Edot relationship, and identifies potential efficiency breaks, advancing understanding of pulsar emission mechanisms.
Findings
Large spread in X-ray efficiencies, eta_psr_x, cannot be explained by distance or beaming.
Evidence of a break in L_psr_x versus Edot at ~1e34-1e35 erg/s.
Gamma-ray luminosity shows less scatter and a break at Edot~1e35 erg/s.
Abstract
Taking advantage of the high sensitivity of the Chandra Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer, we have conducted a snap-shot survey of pulsars previously undetected in X-rays. We detected 12 pulsars and established deep flux limits for 11 pulsars. Using these new results, we revisit the relationship between the X-ray luminosity, L_psr_x, and spin-down power, Edot. We find that the obtained limits further increase the extremely large spread in the non-thermal X-ray efficiencies, eta_psr_x=L_psr_x/Edot, with some of them being now below 1e-5. Such a spread cannot be explained by poorly known distances or by beaming of pulsar radiation. We also find evidence of a break in the dependence of L_psr_x on Edot, such that pulsars become more X-ray efficient at Edot<~ 1e34-1e35 erg/s. We examine the relationship between the gamma-ray luminosity, L_psr_g, and Edot, which exhibits a smaller scatter…
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