Quaternary-singlet State of Spin-1 Bosons in Optical Lattice

TL;DR

This paper investigates the ground state properties of spin-1 bosons in optical lattices, revealing a novel quaternary-singlet state formed by four particles due to competing interactions, which is entangled and has zero total spin.

Contribution

It introduces a new quaternary-singlet state in spinor condensates influenced by intra-site and inter-site interactions, expanding understanding of entangled states in optical lattices.

Findings

Discovery of a novel quaternary-singlet state with zero total spin.

Explicit form of the singlet state in the system.

Distinct from conventional singlet pairs.

Abstract

We present the quantum ground state properties of $^{23}$Na spinor condensates, which is confined in a periodic or double-well potential and subject to a magnetic dipole-dipole interaction between nearby wells. A novel singlet state arise in the system and can be discussed in explicit form. Caused by the competition between the intra-site spin exchange interactions and the inter-site dipole-dipole interactions, this quaternary-singlet\ state is a entangled state formed by at lest four particles and vanish the total spin. This is distinct from the direct product of the two conventional singlet pairs.