Quantum Dynamics of Solitons in Strongly Interacting Systems on Optical Lattices

TL;DR

This paper investigates the quantum stability of two types of solitons in strongly interacting bosonic systems on optical lattices, revealing their resilience to quantum fluctuations and potential experimental realizations.

Contribution

It introduces a study of quantum fluctuations on solitons in strongly correlated systems using advanced simulation methods, highlighting their stability and experimental relevance.

Findings

Both soliton types remain stable under quantum evolution for a finite time.

Stability increases with the soliton width.

Potential experimental platforms include atomic BECs, Fermi gases, and polar molecules.

Abstract

Mean-field dynamics of strongly interacting bosons described by hard core bosons with nearest-neighbor attraction has been shown to support two species of solitons: one of Gross-Pitaevskii (GP-type) where the condensate fraction remains dark and a novel non-Gross-Pitaevskii-type (non-GP-type) characterized by brightening of the condensate fraction. Here we study the effects of quantum fluctuations on these solitons using the adaptive time-dependent density matrix renormalization group method, which takes into account the effect of strong correlations. We use local observables as the density, condensate density and correlation functions as well as the entanglement entropy to characterize the stability of the initial states. We find both species of solitons to be stable under quantum evolution for a finite duration, their tolerance to quantum fluctuations being enhanced as the width of the soliton increases. We describe possible experimental realizations in atomic Bose Einstein Condensates, polarized degenerate Fermi gases, and in systems of polar molecules on optical lattices.