Joint Ly{\alpha} emitters - quasars reionization constraints

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new method combining LAE and QSO spectral data to better understand cosmic reionization, overcoming dust degeneracy issues and providing insights into HI density at high redshifts.

Contribution

The novel approach integrates LAE and QSO observations with simulations to improve reionization constraints, especially by cross-correlating transmissivities to estimate HI density.

Findings

LAE Lyα transmissivity is ~0.25 at z=5.7, nearly halo mass independent.

At z=6.6, LAE transmissivity increases with halo mass from 0.15 to 0.3.

A positive correlation between QSO transmissivity and halo mass is observed at small impact parameters at z=5.7.

Abstract

We present a novel method to investigate cosmic reionization, using joint spectral information on high redshift Lyman Alpha Emitters (LAE) and quasars (QSOs). Although LAEs have been proposed as reionization probes, their use is hampered by the fact their Ly{\alpha} line is damped not only by intergalactic HI but also internally by dust. Our method allows to overcome such degeneracy. First, we carefully calibrate a reionization simulation with QSO absorption line experiments. Then we identify LAEs in two simulation boxes at z=5.7 and z=6.6 and we build synthetic images/spectra of a prototypical LAE. At redshift 5.7, we find that the Ly{\alpha} transmissivity (T_LAE) ~ 0.25, almost independent of the halo mass. This constancy arises from the conspiracy of two effects: (i) the intrinsic Ly{\alpha} line width and (ii) the infall peculiar velocity. At higher redshift, z=6.6, where the transmissivity is instead largely set by the local HI abundance and LAE transmissivity consequently increases with halo mass from 0.15 to 0.3. Although outflows are present, they are efficiently pressure-confined by infall in a small region around the LAE; hence they only marginally affect transmissivity. Finally, we cast LOS originating from background QSOs passing through foreground LAEs at different impact parameters, and compute the quasar transmissivity (T_QSO). At smaller impact parameters, d < 1 cMpc, a positive correlation between T_QSO and halo mass is found at z = 5.7, which tends to become less pronounced (i.e. flatter) at larger distances. By cross-correlating T_LAE and T_QSO, we can obtain a HI density estimate unaffected by dust. At z= 5.7, the cross-correlation is relatively weak,whereas at z = 6.6 we find a clear positive correlation. We conclude by briefly discussing the perspectives for the application of the method to existing and forthcoming data.