QPO in RE J1034+396: model constraints from observed trends
B. Czerny, P. Lachowicz, M. Dovciak, V. Karas, T. Pechacek, Tapas K., Das

TL;DR
This paper investigates the X-ray variability of RE J1034+396, revealing a drifting QPO frequency correlated with flux changes, and suggests linear structures like shocks or spiral waves as possible explanations.
Contribution
It provides the first detailed analysis of QPO frequency drift and its correlation with flux in an active galactic nucleus, offering constraints on theoretical models.
Findings
QPO frequency drifts over time
QPO frequency correlates with X-ray flux with a short delay
Linear structures are favored as the QPO origin
Abstract
We analyze the time variability of the X-ray emission of RE J1034+396, an active galactic nucleus with the first firm detection of a quasi-periodic oscillations (QPO). Based on the results of a wavelet analysis, we find a drift in the QPO central frequency. The change inthe QPO frequency correlates with the change in the X-ray flux with a short time delay. Linear structures such as shocks, spiral waves, orvery distant flares seem to be a favored explanation for this particular QPO event.
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