Observation of Multiphoton-induced Fluorescence from Nano Graphene Oxide and Its Applications in In vitro and In vivo Bioimaging

TL;DR

This study demonstrates that nano graphene oxide exhibits multiphoton-induced fluorescence useful for high-resolution bioimaging in vitro and in vivo, revealing cellular and brain tissue localization with potential biomedical applications.

Contribution

It is the first to report multiphoton-induced fluorescence from nano graphene oxide and its application in detailed cellular and brain tissue imaging.

Findings

Nano graphene oxide shows two- and three-photon photoluminescence.

GO nanoparticles effectively label and localize within cellular organelles.

In vivo imaging successfully visualizes nanoparticles at 300 μm depth in mouse brain.

Abstract

In the present paper, we observed both two-photon and three-photon induced distinct photoluminescence from GO nanoparticles under fs laser excitation. Conjugated with PEG molecules, GO nanoparticles exhibited high chemical stability, and could effectively label HeLa cells. Imaged with a two-photon scanning microscope, GO nanoparticles were observed to localize in the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi and lysosome of HeLa cells. Furthermore, GO nanoparticles were micro-injected into the brain of a black mouse, and in vivo two-photon luminescence imaging illustrated that GO nanoparticles located at 300 {\mu}m depth in the brain could be clearly distinguished.