Evolution of microstructural and mechanical properties of nanocrystalline Co2FeAl Heusler alloy prepared by mechanical alloying

TL;DR

This study investigates how mechanical alloying affects the microstructure and mechanical properties of nanocrystalline Co2FeAl Heusler alloy, revealing changes in crystallite size, internal strain, and hardness with milling and annealing processes.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the evolution of microstructure and hardness of Co2FeAl alloy during mechanical alloying and subsequent annealing, highlighting the effects of processing parameters.

Findings

Crystallite size increases then decreases with milling time.

Internal strain decreases then increases with milling time.

Hardness peaks at 500°C annealing temperature.

Abstract

Mechanical alloying (MA) has been used to fabricate the Co2FeAl Heusler alloy with a nanocrystalline structure. The formation mechanism of the alloy has been investigated. Rietveld analysis showed that all samples that were milled for more than 15 hours had an L21 structure with a space group of Fm3m. The crystallite size and internal strain of the samples were calculated using the Williamson-Hall equation. With mechanical alloying of up to 20 hours the crystallite size of Co2FeAl increased, after which the crystallite size started to decrease. In contrast, internal strain first decreased during the process and then increased with the increase of milling time. The powder obtained after 20 hours of MA was split into three parts and separately annealed at 300, 500 and 700 oC for 5 hours. A considerable increase was observed in the hardness value of powder particles with the increase of annealing temperature up to 500 oC. However, the hardness value of the sample annealed at 700 oC decreased. It seems that this feature is related to parameters such as increase of crystallite size, enhancement of lattice ordering, change in density of defects and impurities and nonstoichiometric effects.