Inverse Depolarization: A Potential Probe of Internal Faraday Rotation and Helical Magnetic Fields in Extragalactic Radio Jets

TL;DR

This paper proposes a physical model explaining inverse depolarization in extragalactic radio jets, linking it to internal Faraday rotation and magnetic field structures, offering a new way to probe jet magnetic fields and particle populations.

Contribution

It introduces a model connecting inverse depolarization to internal Faraday rotation and magnetic field configurations, including helical fields, providing a novel observational probe.

Findings

Inverse depolarization can be explained by internal Faraday rotation aligning polarization.

Helical magnetic fields naturally produce observable transverse polarization structures.

Random magnetic fields require specific length scales to match observed polarization levels.

Abstract

Motivated by recent observations that show increasing fractional linear polarization with increasing wavelength in a small number of optically thin jet features, i.e. "inverse depolarization", we present a physical model that can explain this effect and may provide a new and complementary probe of the low energy particle population and possible helical magnetic fields in extragalactic radio jets. In our model, structural inhomogeneities in the jet magnetic field create cancellation of polarization along the line of sight. Internal Faraday rotation, which increases like wavelength squared, acts to align the polarization from the far and near sides of the jet, leading to increased polarization at longer wavelengths. Structural inhomogeneities of the right type are naturally produced in helical magnetic fields and will also appear in randomly tangled magnetic fields. We explore both alternatives and find that, for random fields, the length scale for tangling cannot be too small a fraction of the jet diameter and still be consistent with the relatively high levels of fractional polarization observed in these features. We also find that helical magnetic fields naturally produce transverse structure for inverse depolarization which may be observable even in partially resolved jets.