State engineering of Bose-Einstein condensate in the optical lattice by a periodic sublattice of dissipative sites

TL;DR

This paper proposes a method to engineer unconventional Bose-Einstein superfluids in optical lattices with periodic dissipative sites, leading to novel quantum states with complex order parameters.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of dissipative periodic lattices and analytically demonstrates how they can produce unique superfluid states with broken symmetries and vortex structures.

Findings

One-dimensional lattice drives condensate to a non-zero quasimomentum state.

Two-dimensional lattice results in a superposition of four-site vortices.

Analytical results obtained using tight-binding approximation.

Abstract

We introduce the notion of dissipative periodic lattice as an optical lattice with periodically distributed dissipative sites and argue that it allows to engineer unconventional Bose-Einstein superfluids with the complex-valued order parameter. We consider two examples, the one-dimensional dissipative optical lattice, where each third site is dissipative, and the dissipative honeycomb optical lattice, where each dissipative lattice site neighbors three non-dissipated sites. The tight-binding approximation is employed, which allows one to obtain analytical results. In the one-dimensional case the condensate is driven to a coherent Bloch-like state with non-zero quasimomentum, which breaks the translational periodicity of the dissipative lattice. In the two-dimensional case the condensate is driven to a zero quasimomentum Bloch-like state, which is a coherent superposition of four-site discrete vortices of alternating vorticity with the vortex centers located at the dissipative sites.