Technology Development for the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory Balanced Receivers

TL;DR

This paper discusses the development of advanced dual-frequency balanced receivers for the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory to improve observational capabilities and scientific throughput in the submillimeter band.

Contribution

It introduces a new family of remote programmable, synthesized, dual-frequency balanced receivers covering 180-720 GHz, enhancing observational efficiency and automation.

Findings

First set of receivers expected in spring 2012

Dual-frequency observation mode improves pointing and throughput

Receivers enable automated spectral line surveys

Abstract

The Caltech Submillimeter Observatory (CSO) is located on top of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, at an altitude of 4.2 km. The existing suite of facility heterodyne receivers covering the submillimeter band is rapidly aging and in need of replacement. To facilitate deep integrations and automated spectral line surveys, a family of remote programmable, synthesized, dual-frequency balanced receivers covering the astronomical important 180 - 720 GHz atmospheric windows is in an advanced stage of development. Installation of the first set of receivers is expected in the spring of 2012. Dual-frequency observation will be an important mode of operation offered by the new facility instrumentation. Two band observations are accomplished by separating the H and V polarizations of the incoming signal and routing them via folded optics to the appropriate polarization sensitive balanced mixer. Scientifically this observation mode facilitates pointing for the higher receiver band under mediocre weather conditions and a doubling of scientific throughput (2 x 4 GHz) under good weather conditions.