A thermodynamic characterization of future singularities?

TL;DR

This paper explores the thermodynamic behavior of the universe near different future singularities in cosmological models, suggesting a trend towards disequilibrium as singularities approach.

Contribution

It provides a thermodynamic analysis of future singularities in FLRW cosmologies, highlighting the universe's departure from equilibrium near these singularities.

Findings

Universe departs from thermodynamic equilibrium near singularities

Different singularities show similar thermodynamic behavior

Potential characterization of future singularities through thermodynamics

Abstract

In this Letter we consider three future singularities in different Friedmann-Lema\^{\i}tre-Robertson-Walker scenarios and show that the universe departs more and more from thermodynamic equilibrium as the corresponding singularity is approached. Though not proven in general, this feature may characterize future singularities of homogeneous and isotropic cosmologies.