1D multicomponent Fermions with delta function interaction in strong and weak coupling limits: $\kappa$-component Fermi gas

TL;DR

This paper derives asymptotic expansions for the ground state energy of one-dimensional multicomponent fermions with delta interactions, providing a unified description across coupling regimes and revealing quantum statistical effects.

Contribution

It offers the first asymptotic expansion of Fredholm equations for multicomponent fermions, unifies ground state descriptions, and analyzes correlation functions across coupling regimes.

Findings

Accurate ground state energy expressions in strong and weak coupling regimes.

No mapping exists between Fredholm equations as interaction strength vanishes.

Local pair correlations reveal quantum statistical effects.

Abstract

We derive the first few terms of the asymptotic expansion of the Fredholm equations for one-dimensional $\kappa$-component fermions with repulsive and with attractive delta-function interaction in strong and weak coupling regimes. We thus obtain a highly accurate result for the ground state energy of a multicomponent Fermi gas with polarization for these regimes. This result provides a unified description of the ground state properties of the Fermi gas with higher spin symmetries. However, in contrast to the two-component Fermi gas, there does not exist a mapping that can unify the two sets of Fredholm equations as the interacting strength vanishes. Moreover, we find that the local pair correlation functions shed light on the quantum statistic effects of the $\kappa$-component interacting fermions. For the balanced spin case with repulsive interaction, the ground state energy obtained confirms Yang and You's result [Chin. Phys. Lett. {\bf 28}, 020503 (2011)] that the energy per particle as $\kappa \to \infty$ is the same as for spinless Bosons.